Effects of tag mass on the physiology and behaviour of common noctule bats

Table 1 Models of tag mass and additional interacting factors on the physiology and behaviour of bats

Model	Covariates	Estimate	SE	P	df
	Impact on body condition
Recap	Relative change of body mass
	Intercept	21.22	4.84	< 0.001***	77
	relative tag mass	− 0.003	0.08	0.969	97
	duration of tagging	− 0.686	0.13	< 0.001***	132
	Body mass index (mass/forearm length)	− 44.06	7.42	< 0.001***	135
	Landscape (forest)	1.27	5.87	0.62	6
	Landscape (urban)	0.8	3.66	0.825	4
	Impact on movement behaviour
Move1	A) emergence time
	Intercept	3.13	0.34	< 0.001***
	Relative tag mass	0.03	0.01	0.012*
	Sex (male)	0.66	0.6	0.274
	Month	0.11	0.06	0.052
	Landscape (forest)	− 0.44	0.25	0.082
	Landscape (urban)	− 0.62	0.18	< 0.001***
	Sex (male): month	− 0.05	0.08	0.52
Move2	B) flight duration
	Intercept	3.48	0.37	< 0.001***	108
	Relative tag mass	0.08	0.01	< 0.001***	48
	Sex (male)	− 2.49	0.79	0.002**	116
	Month	− 0.02	0.06	0.748	114
	Landscape (forest)	0.4	0.27	0.192	6
	Landscape (urban)	− 1.08	0.22	< 0.001***	32
	Sex (male): month	0.33	0.11	0.005**	116

All models included year as random effects (formula: ~ landscape | year, groups: year n = 7). df = degree of freedom, significance codes: ***< 0.001, **< 0.01, *< 0.05, not significant

ISSN: 2051-3933