Fig. 2

Conceptual description of the time model and habitat selection function within the TEHS model. a A hypothetical landscape illustrating the time taken to traverse a particular path. Traversed pixels are shown with black squares and the time (in min) taken to traverse each pixel is shown above the corresponding pixel. b Time model results regarding the probability of taking 7 min to reach each pixel of the landscape given the initial starting point. c Selection strength for the different landscape characteristics, where values > 1 indicate selection and values < 1 indicate avoidance relative to grassland. d Movement probabilities based on the TEHS model once the results of the time model and selection strength are taken into account. In panels b–d we show four potential endpoints for the step (points A–D) in this landscape